{"id":1563,"date":"2005-06-12T23:17:49","date_gmt":"2005-06-13T06:17:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mautam.vchoir.org\/weeklysongs\/?p=1563"},"modified":"2011-12-29T23:18:22","modified_gmt":"2011-12-30T07:18:22","slug":"chuy%e1%bb%83n-h%e1%bb%a3p-am-chord-progressions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/home.mautam.org\/weeklysongs\/archives\/1563","title":{"rendered":"Chuy\u1ec3n H\u1ee3p \u00c2m (Chord Progressions)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Chuy\u1ec3n H\u1ee3p \u00c2m (Chord Progressions)
\nHo\u00e0ng Vi\u1ebft H\u00f9ng
\n\u0110\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft:
\n– H\u1ee3p \u00e2m (chords)
\n– \u00c2m giai hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Thang \u00c2m (scale) .
\nI. S\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft:
\nChuy\u1ec3n h\u1ee3p \u00e2m (chord progressions) trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i h\u00e1t l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u00e2m cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u1ed1t nh\u1ea1c ho\u1eb7c l\u1eddi ca. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho nh\u1eefng nh\u1ea1c c\u00f4ng. Nh\u1edd v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u00e2m m\u00e0 gi\u00fap cho Ca \u0111o\u00e0n h\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hay h\u01a1n.
\n1. Thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u00e2m s\u1eafc: C\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u00e2m (tr\u01b0\u1edfng , th\u1ee9, t\u0103ng, gi\u1ea3m, 7, 9, vv..) t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng \u00e2m s\u1eafc kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 khi v\u1ebd m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh, ch\u00fang ta v\u1eeba
\nph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft pha m\u1ea7u, v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ea7u \u0111\u00fang n\u01a1i \u0111\u00fang ch\u1ed7, m\u1ea7u n\u00e0o
\n\u0111\u1ee9ng g\u1ea7n nhau s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt n\u1ed5i h\u01a1n, ho\u1eb7c s\u00e1ng h\u01a1n, u \u00e1m h\u01a1n,
\nvv… Vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n h\u1ee3p \u00e2m cho \u0111\u00fang c\u0169ng v\u1eady, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta: vui, bu\u1ed3n, \u00eam \u00e1i ho\u1eb7c ch\u00f3i tai, vv…
\n2. D\u1ec5 h\u00e1t: C\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u00e2m trong m\u1ed9t \u00e2m giai kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee9ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, m\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f2n t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhau v\u00e0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u00e2m cho \u0111\u00fang s\u1ebd gi\u00fap Ca \u0111o\u00e0n h\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i kh\u00f3 h\u00e1t; ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, d\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p \u00e2m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho ca \u0111o\u00e0n h\u00e1t sai ho\u1eb7c l\u1ea1c t\u00f4ng.
\nII. Nh\u1eefng k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u00e2m
\nC\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft qua v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u00e2m khi \u0111\u1ecdc t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 H\u1ee3p \u00c2m. Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng t\u00f3m k\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u00e2m th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng (ch\u00fang ta d\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p \u00e2m
\n\u00d0\u00d4 l\u00e0m ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u):
\nK\u00fd hi\u1ec7u T\u00ean g\u1ecdi Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch
\nC5 \u00d0\u00f4 5 H\u1ee3p \u00e2m 2 n\u1ed1t: C – G
\nC \u00d0\u00f4 tr\u01b0\u1edfng C – E – G
\nCm hay C- \u00d0\u00f4 th\u1ee9 C – Eb – G
\nC\u00b0 hay Cdim \u00d0\u00f4 gi\u1ea3m C – Eb – Gb
\nC+ hay Caug \u00d0\u00f4 t\u0103ng C – E – G#
\nCsus2 \u00d0\u00f4 sus2 C – D – G
\nCsus4 \u00d0\u00f4 sus4 C – F – G
\nC6 \u00d0\u00f4 6 C – E – G – A
\nC7 \u00d0\u00f4 7 (dominant) C – E – G – Bb
\nCM7 \u00d0\u00f4 tr\u01b0\u1edfng 7 C – E – G – B
\nCm7 \u00d0\u00f4 th\u1ee9 7 C – Eb – G – Bb
\nCdim7 \u00d0\u00f4 diminished 7 C – Eb – Gb – Bbb (A)
\nD\/A D slash A H\u1ee3p \u00e2m D, bass note \u1edf A.
\nC add9 C add 9 C – E – G – D
\nIII. \u0110\u1eb7t h\u1ee3p \u00e2m
\nCh\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1ee3p \u00e2m \u1edf b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e2u trong b\u00e0i h\u00e1t, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o 2 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n: kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1ea1c c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i h\u00e1t. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eb7t (hay thay \u0111\u1ed5i) h\u1ee3p \u00e2m \u1edf nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 sau \u0111\u00e2y:
\n1. \u1ede \u0111\u1ea7u \u00f4 nh\u1ecbp ho\u1eb7c \u1edf nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 h\u00e1t ch\u1eadm.
\nN\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng cho c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng canh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00fa
\ntr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed1t nh\u1ea1c \u1edf ph\u00e1ch m\u1ea1nh, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 n\u1ed1t trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng canh m\u00e0 c\u00f3
\ntrong h\u1ee3p \u00e2m, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn.
\nTh\u00ed d\u1ee5 1:
\n2. \u1ede nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ea3o ph\u00e1ch
\nTh\u00ed d\u1ee5:
\n– \u1ede ph\u00e1ch 1 v\u00e0 3 trong nh\u1ecbp 4\/4 (ho\u1eb7c C)
\n– \u1ede ph\u00e1ch 1 ho\u1eb7c 3 trong nh\u1ecbp \u00be
\n– \u1ede ph\u00e1ch 1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi \u1edf ph\u00e1ch 2 trong nh\u1ecbp 2\/4
\n– Khi thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u1ea1c n\u00e0y sang \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u1ea1c kh\u00e1c.
\n– Ho\u1eb7c \u1edf b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e2u
\nIV. Ch\u1ecdn h\u1ee3p \u00e2m
\nVi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn h\u1ee3p \u00e2m cho \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 hay l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kinh nghi\u1ec7m, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 nghe. H\u1ee3p \u00e2m \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng trong c\u00e2u h\u00e1t, c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ee3p \u00e2m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i \u02bagi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft\u02ba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho h\u1ee3p \u00e2m \u0111\u1ee9ng sau n\u1eefa.
\nNg\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i, n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u00e2m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1eefa \u0103n, th\u00ec m\u00f3n \u0103n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u00e2m Tr\u01b0\u1edfng, m\u00f3n \u0103n ph\u1ee5 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u00e2m Th\u1ee9, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 gia v\u1ecb (mu\u1ed1i, ti\u00eau) l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u00e2m T\u0103ng v\u00e0 Gi\u1ea3m. Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1ee3p \u00e2m:
\n– D\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p \u00e2m ch\u1ee7 (tonic triad, h\u1ee3p \u00e2m \u1edf b\u1eadc I) \u1edf nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 quan tr\u1ecdng:
\nH\u1ee3p \u00e2m ch\u1ee7 l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p \u00e2m quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong b\u00e0i h\u00e1t, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf
\n\u0111\u1ea7u b\u00e0i h\u00e1t v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i b\u00e0i h\u00e1t. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1i t\u00ean, h\u1ee3p \u00e2m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ed
\nnh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 m\u00ecnh (home sweet home), \u0111i \u0111\u00e2u c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0\u2026
\n– S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ee3p \u00e2m ch\u00ednh nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n: 3 h\u1ee3p \u00e2m I, IV v\u00e0 V l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ee3p \u00e2m
\nch\u00ednh, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng 3 h\u1ee3p \u00e2m n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 trong
\nm\u1ed9t b\u00e0i h\u00e1t. Ngo\u00e0i h\u1ee3p \u00e2m ch\u1ee7 ra, h\u1ee3p \u00e2m quan tr\u1ecdng th\u1ee9 nh\u00ec l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p \u00e2m
\ntho6\u02b9ng \u00e2m (dominant triad, b\u1eadc V) . C\u1ea3 3 h\u1ee3p \u00e2m ch\u00ednh n\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n
\nnh\u1eefng h\u1ee3p \u00e2m kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0i h\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng (Ca \u0111o\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb l\u1ea1c
\nt\u00f4ng).
\n– S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng h\u1ee3p \u00e2m ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u00e2m s\u1eafc: Ngo\u00e0i 3 h\u1ee3p \u00e2m ch\u00ednh \u1edf
\ntr\u00ean ra, nh\u1eefng h\u1ee3p \u00e2m kh\u00e1c trong \u00e2m giai l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ee3p \u00e2m ph\u1ee5. Ngh\u1ec7
\nthu\u1eadt chuy\u1ec3n \u00e2m ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng h\u1ee3p \u00e2m ph\u1ee5 n\u00e0y m\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho
\nb\u00e0i h\u00e1t c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng m\u1ea7u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c kh\u00e1c nhau.
\n– D\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p \u00e2m ngh\u1ecbch: \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y, \u01b0\u1edbc ao, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi v\u1ec1 h\u1ee3p \u00e2m \u0111\u1ee9ng sau, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta hay d\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p \u00e2m ngh\u1ecbch (7, 9, 11…), m\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi n\u1ed1t \u1edf ph\u00e1ch m\u1ea1nh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 trong h\u1ee3p \u00e2m. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta hay
\nd\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p \u00e2m 7 cho h\u1ee3p \u00e2m b\u1eadc V tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 h\u1ee3p \u00e2m ch\u1ee7: (V7 – I) .
\nV. C\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn h\u1ee3p \u00e2m theo s\u1ef1 m\u1ea1nh\/y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u00e2m trong \u00e2m giai.
\nS\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch sau \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 \u02bam\u1ea1nh – y\u1ebfu\u02ba trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u00e2m trong \u00e2m giai. \u02ba o M\u1ea1nh: c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 \u02bas\u00e1ng\u02ba, \u02ba\u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7\u02ba, \u02bav\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean\u02ba, \u02balinh ho\u1ea1t\u02ba, vv…
\no Y\u1ebfu: c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 \u02babu\u1ed3n\u02ba, \u02banh\u1eb9\u02ba, \u02bau \u00e1m\u02ba, \u02bathi\u1ebfu v\u1eafng\u02ba, vv…
\nS\u1ef1 m\u1ea1nh\/y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng li\u00ean h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p \u00e2m \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ee3p \u00e2m ch\u1ee7. Nh\u01b0 ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, h\u1ee3p \u00e2m b\u1eadc V (dominant) c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t li\u00ean h\u1ec7 g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi h\u1ee3p \u00e2m b\u1eadc I (tonic), h\u1ee3p \u00e2m b\u1eadc II l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi h\u1ee3p \u00e2m b\u1eadc V (h\u1ee3p \u00e2m b\u1eadc II \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 th\u1ed1ng \u00e2m (secondary dominant) c\u1ee7a V. C\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o qui lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y (dominant <\/p>\n\n

\n <\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Chuy\u1ec3n H\u1ee3p \u00c2m (Chord Progressions) Ho\u00e0ng Vi\u1ebft H\u00f9ng \u0110\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft: – H\u1ee3p \u00e2m (chords) – \u00c2m giai hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Thang \u00c2m (scale) . I. S\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft: Chuy\u1ec3n h\u1ee3p \u00e2m (chord progressions) trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i h\u00e1t l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u00e2m cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u1ed1t nh\u1ea1c ho\u1eb7c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[32],"builder_content":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/home.mautam.org\/weeklysongs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1563"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/home.mautam.org\/weeklysongs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/home.mautam.org\/weeklysongs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/home.mautam.org\/weeklysongs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/home.mautam.org\/weeklysongs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1563"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/home.mautam.org\/weeklysongs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1563\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1565,"href":"https:\/\/home.mautam.org\/weeklysongs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1563\/revisions\/1565"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/home.mautam.org\/weeklysongs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1563"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/home.mautam.org\/weeklysongs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1563"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/home.mautam.org\/weeklysongs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1563"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}