X\u01af\u1edaNG \u00c2M
\n1. \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a: X\u01b0\u1edbng \u00c2m l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ea1y cho hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u0111\u00fang m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea1c. (N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n, x\u01b0\u1edbng \u00e2m l\u00e0 h\u00e1t l\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea1c kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 n\u00e0o.)<\/p>\n
2. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p: C\u00f3 2 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 Solfeggio v\u00e0 Tonic Solfa.
\na) Solfeggio:
\nDo m\u1ed9t th\u1ea7y d\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00dd t\u00ean l\u00e0 Guido d\u2019Arezzo kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XI. Tho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ea7u, th\u1ea7y Guido d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c m\u1eabu t\u1ef1 C, D, E, F, G, A \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi t\u00ean 6 n\u1ed1t nh\u1ea1c, sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng v\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i th\u00e1nh thi:
\nUt queant laxis
\nResonare fibris
\nMira gestorum
\nFamuli tuorum
\nSolve polluti
\nLabi reatum,
\nSancte Ioannes
\nNh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00e1c n\u1ed1t nh\u1ea1c C, D, E, F, G, A \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ut, re, mi, fa, sol, la.
\n\u0110\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 sau, n\u1ed1t nh\u1ea1c th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y l\u00e0 B \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng, v\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 si (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gh\u00e9p t\u1eeb hai m\u1eabu t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Sancti Ioannes trong b\u00e0i th\u00e1nh thi tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y). \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, n\u1ed1t nh\u1ea1c ut \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean l\u00e0 do.
\nC D E F G A B
\nDo Re Mi Fa Sol La Si
\nPh\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Solfeggio c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Fixed Do (n\u1ed1t Do c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh), v\u00ec Do lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi n\u1ed1t nh\u1ea1c C.
\nb) Tonic Solfa:
\nDo ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX, d\u1ef1a theo nh\u1eefng n\u1ed1t nh\u1ea1c do, re, mi, fa, sol, la, si c\u1ee7a Guido v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh doh, ray, me, fah, soh, lah, te.
\nTheo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Tonic Solfa, doh, ray, me, fah, soh, lah, te \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho c\u00e1c b\u1eadc c\u1ee7a \u00e2m giai Tr\u01b0\u1edfng: n\u1ed1t b\u1eadc I l\u00e0 doh, n\u1ed1t b\u1eadc II l\u00e0 ray, n\u1ed1t b\u1eadc III l\u00e0 me, v.v\u2026 Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, d\u00f9 \u1edf trong b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u00e2m giai Tr\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0o (C, D, E\u2026), n\u1ed1t b\u1eadc I c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u00e2m giai Tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 doh.
\n\u00c2m giai Do Tr\u01b0\u1edfng (C): C D E F G A B C
\nT\u00ean g\u1ecdi theo Tonic Solfa: doh ray me fah soh lah te doh
\n\u00c2m giai Mi Tr\u01b0\u1edfng (E): E F# G# A B C# D# E
\nT\u00ean g\u1ecdi theo Tonic Solfa: doh ray me fah soh lah te doh
\nPh\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Tonic Solfa c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Movable Doh (n\u1ed1t Doh di \u0111\u1ed9ng), v\u00ec n\u1ed1t Doh lu\u00f4n di chuy\u1ec3n, c\u00f3 khi l\u00e0 C trong \u00e2m giai C, c\u00f3 khi l\u00e0 E trong \u00e2m giai E, v.v\u2026<\/p>\n
3. C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp:
\na) V\u1ec1 cao \u0111\u1ed9:
\n– c\u00e1c n\u1ed1t tru (b\u1eadc I, b\u1eadc IV, b\u1eadc V)\u00ef
\n– t\u1eeb c\u00e1c n\u1ed1t tr\u1ee5 \u0111i l\u1ea7n t\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u1ed1t ph\u1ee5
\n– c\u00e1c qu\u00e3ng kh\u00e1c nhau (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, Cool
\nb) V\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9:
\n– v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u1ecbp 2, 3, 4
\n– v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea3o ph\u00e1ch
\n– v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u1eafn
\n4. M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp x\u01b0\u1edbng \u00e2m:
\na) X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u00e2m giai c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i h\u00e1t: quan s\u00e1t b\u1ed9 kho\u00e1 v\u00e0 n\u1ed1t nh\u1ea1c cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i h\u00e1t.
\nb) X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u: quan s\u00e1t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ec9 nh\u1ecbp. L\u01b0u \u00fd c\u00e1c c\u00e2u nh\u1ea1c kh\u00f3, b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng.
\nc) X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a n\u1ed1t nh\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.
\nd) H\u00e1t nh\u1ea9m trong \u0111\u1ea7u 3 n\u1ed1t tr\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a \u00e2m giai c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i h\u00e1t, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n sang c\u00e1c n\u1ed1t ph\u1ee5.
\nQuan s\u00e1t \u00e2m v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i h\u00e1t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ecdn cung th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u00e2m v\u1ef1c gi\u1ecdng h\u00e1t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.
\ne) L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t nh\u1ecbp v\u1eadn (tempo) th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. T\u00ecm xem c\u00e2u nh\u1ea1c n\u00e0o chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0nh nhanh nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1eed nh\u1ea9m h\u00e1t tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e2u nh\u1ea1c \u0111\u00f3.
\nf) N\u00ean \u0111\u1ecdc qua c\u00e1c n\u1ed1t nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 b\u00e0i h\u00e1t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u01b0\u1edbng \u00e2m.
\ng) N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 sai s\u00f3t, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i m\u00e0 h\u00e3y c\u1ee9 gi\u1eef v\u1eefng nh\u1ecbp v\u1eadn v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c x\u01b0\u1edbng \u00e2m h\u1ebft c\u1ea3 b\u00e0i h\u00e1t.
\nh) Th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 v\u1ea5p v\u00e1p, nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 sai s\u00f3t v\u1ec1 nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u, v\u1ec1 qu\u00e3ng, v\u1ec1 cung b\u1eadc, v\u1ec1 t\u00ean n\u1ed1t nh\u1ea1c, v.v\u2026
\ni) Khi x\u01b0\u1edbng \u00e2m, c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng gi\u1eef v\u1eefng cung gi\u1ecdng, \u0111\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecb l\u1ea1c cung. L\u01b0u \u00fd th\u00eam \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t \u00e2m, ti\u1ebft t\u1ea5u, nh\u1eefng k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9, nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 ngh\u1ec9 l\u1ea5y h\u01a1i, v.v\u2026
\nj) K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp x\u01b0\u1edbng \u00e2m c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, v\u00ec th\u1ebf, n\u00ean t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 t\u1eebng \u00edt m\u1ed9t.<\/p>\n\n
X\u01af\u1edaNG \u00c2M 1. \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a: X\u01b0\u1edbng \u00c2m l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ea1y cho hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u0111\u00fang m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea1c. (N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n, x\u01b0\u1edbng \u00e2m l\u00e0 h\u00e1t l\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea1c kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 n\u00e0o.) 2. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p: C\u00f3 2 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[32],"builder_content":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/home.mautam.org\/weeklysongs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1553"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/home.mautam.org\/weeklysongs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/home.mautam.org\/weeklysongs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/home.mautam.org\/weeklysongs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/home.mautam.org\/weeklysongs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1553"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/home.mautam.org\/weeklysongs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1553\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1554,"href":"https:\/\/home.mautam.org\/weeklysongs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1553\/revisions\/1554"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/home.mautam.org\/weeklysongs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1553"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/home.mautam.org\/weeklysongs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1553"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/home.mautam.org\/weeklysongs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1553"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}